Umkhankaso weminyaka emine weFrance ukusungula uhlaka oluphelele, olawulwayo lwe-cannabis yezokwelapha ekugcineni uthele izithelo.
Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, izinkulungwane zeziguli zibhalise eFrance's Mencabis "Pilot Ukuhlola," kwethulwa ngo-2021, kwabhekana nethemba elicindezelayo lokuphazamiseka ukwelashwa njengoba beyalwa uhulumeni ukuba afune ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Manje, ngemuva kokuqhamuka ezinyangeni zeziyaluyalu zezepolitiki, uhulumeni waseFrance wenze i-pivot ebalulekile. Ngokusho kwemibiko yakamuva, ihale amadokhumenti amathathu ahlukene e-European Union ukuze ivunyelwe, ichaza uhlelo lwe-cannabis oluhlongozwayo, okufanele "ludlule" ngenqubo ".
Iziphakamiso zoMphakathi manje zibonakala zikhombisa, okokuqala ngqa, ukuthi izimbali ze-cannabis zizotholakala ezigulini - kepha kuphela "kumthamo" osetshenziswayo "kuphela futhi kulawulwa ngamadivayisi athile.
1. Ukubuyiselwa Kwesehlakalo
NgoMashi 19, 2025, kwathunyelwa amadokhumenti amathathu e-EU ukuthola imvume, ngayinye echaza izici ezithile zenqubo yokungemthetho yezomthetho ye-cannabis.
Eqinisweni, uhlaka ngalunye lokulawula lwaluphothuliwe esikhathini esithile esidlule, ngezinhlelo zokuqala zokuzithumela ku-EU ezedlule ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi. Kodwa-ke, ukuwa kukahulumeni waseFrance kanye nokuhanjiswa kwezepolitiki okulandelayo kubambezele ukuhamba kwalezi zimiso, kanye nezinye izindlela eziningi zomthetho.
Ngokusho kohlelo lolwazi lwe-EU lwezobuchwepheshe lwezobuchwepheshe (TRIS), isimemezelo sokuqala esilethwe yiFrance "sichaza uhlaka lohlelo lokulawula lwemithi esekwe ku-cannabis." Imiyalo emibili eyengeziwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-Arringêtés," yathunyelwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuthi imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, izimo ezingokoqobo nezindinganiso ezisebenzayo zalokho okungaba yimakethe enkulu ye-cannabis enkulu yaseYurophu.
UBenjamin Alexandre-Jeanroy, umsunguli we-CEO kanye nomsunguli we-Augur asuselwa eParis augur, etshela abezindaba ukuthi uHulumeni uzosayina emihlanganweni eminingi eSigabeni Sesithathu. "
2. Izimo nemikhiqizo
Ngaphansi kohlaka olusha lwe-cannabis lwezokwelapha lweNdawo-ze, odokotela abaqeqeshiwe nabaqinisekisiwe abazovunyelwa ukunquma imikhiqizo ye-cannabis yezokwelapha. Kuzosungulwa uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa ngokubonisana ne-French Health Authority (has).
I-cannabis yezokwelapha izohlala ingukwelashwa kokugcina kokugcina, njengasohlelweni lokushayela izindiza. Iziguli kumele zikhombise ukuthi zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile azisebenzi noma azibekezeleleki.
Imiphumela yezomthetho ye-cannabis yezomthetho izokhawulelwa ekwelapheni izinhlungu ze-neuropathic, isithungo esilwa nezidakamizwa, i-spasms ehlobene ne-sclerosis eminingi nezinye izinkinga zesistimu ye-central zezinzwa, nokunakekelwa kwe-chemotherapy, nezimpawu eziphikelelayo eziphikelelayo, ezingenakufinyeleleka.
Ngenkathi lezi zimo zihambisana nezinkombandlela ezihlongozwayo, ushintsho olubalulekile olungavula imakethe kumabhizinisi amaningi ukufakwa kwembali ye-cannabis.
Yize imbali manje isivunyelwe, iziguli zenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ekuqedeni ngezindlela zendabuko. Esikhundleni salokho, kufanele kufakwe ngaphansi nge-CE-Certified herb vaporizers. Izimbali ze-cannabis zezokwelapha kumele zihambisane namazinga we-european pharmacopoeia's Coursograpeia ezingama-3028 futhi zethulwe ngefomu eliqediwe.
Eminye imikhiqizo emikhakheni eqediwe, kufaka phakathi ukwakheka komlomo nangokwejwayelekile, izotholakala ngezilinganiso ezintathu ezihlukile ze-THC-to-CBD: I-THC-Per-DBD-Permive evelele. Isigaba ngasinye sizonikela ngezinhlobo eziphambili nezinketho zeziguli ongakhetha kuzo.
"Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo ye-cannabis yezokwelapha eFrance kuyinto enhle embonini, ngoba akukho mikhawulo emikhiqizweni emincane ye-cannabinis.
Enye intuthuko ebalulekile ukucaciswa kwempilo yezempilo yaseFrance ukuthi iziguli ezingama-1,600 ezithola ukwelashwa ngaphansi kohlelo lokushayela zizoqhubeka nokuthola ukuthola imishanguzo ye-cannabis, okungenani ngoMashi 31, 2026, lapho uhlaka lokulawulwa kwendawo yonke kulindeleke ukuthi lusebenze ngokuphelele.
3. Eminye imininingwane esemqoka
Ukuhlinzekelwa okubaluleke kakhulu emiholweni emisha yokulawula okuwukusungulwa kwe- "Isikhashana Ukugunyazwa (ATU)" Uhlaka - inqubo yokuvunyelwa kwemakethe yangaphambi kwemakethe yemikhiqizo emisha.
Njengoba kubikwa ngaphambili, i-French National Agency yokuphepha kwemithi nemikhiqizo yezempilo (i-ANSM) izoqinisekisa le nqubo, ezoqinisekisa imikhiqizo enikezwe ngomuthi we-cannabis iminyaka emihlanu, evuseleleka izinyanga ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi. I-ANSM izoba nezinsuku ezingama-210 zokuphendula izicelo futhi izoshicilela zonke izinqumo - izimvume, ukwenqatshwa, noma ukumiswa - kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni.
Izicelo kumele zinikeze ubufakazi bokuthi imikhiqizo yabo ihlangabezana namazinga okukhiqiza okuhle kwe-EU (GMP). Lapho bevunywa, kufanele balethe ukuvuselelwa kwezikhathi ezithile zokuphepha babika njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha iminyaka emibili yokuqala, bese unyaka nonke yiminyaka emithathu esele.
Ngokusobala, odokotela abaqeqeshiwe abaqeqeshiwe futhi abaqeqeshiwe kuphela abazogunyazwa ukunquma insangu yezokwelapha, ngezinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezizomenyezelwa ngokubonisana nabaphathi bezempilo yaseFrance (abane).
Isimemezelo sokuqala sibuye sihlele nezidingo zengxenye ngayinye yecala lokuhlinzekwa. Ngaphesheya kwezindlela zokuphepha eziqinile manje ezijwayelekile cishe kuzo zonke izimakethe ze-cannabis zezokwelapha, kuchaze ukuthi noma yimuphi umlimi wasekhaya kufanele akhule ngokuqinile izitshalo ngaphakathi noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezivikelekile ekubukeni komphakathi.
Ngokuphawulekile, abalimi kufanele bangene kwizinkontileka ezibophayo nezinhlangano ezigunyaziwe ngaphambi kokutshala innanhla, futhi inhloso kuphela yokulima kufanele ithengise kulezi zinhlaka ezigunyaziwe.
4. Amathemba namathuba
Ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2025, ukwanda kohlelo lwe-cannabis Pilot ku-Flegeget emakethe egcwele kwabonakala kunethemba elikude kuzo zombili iziguli namabhizinisi.
Lo mbono waphikelela kuze kube izindaba zeviki eledlule ukuthi i-EU yayithole isicelo seFrance sokuvunywa kweziphakamiso zayo. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhizinisi e-cannabis wezokwelapha anesikhathi esincane sokugaya leli thuba elikhulu, kodwa anikezwe isikali semakethe, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kushintshe maduze.
Njengamanje, ngenkathi imibono ihlala ingaveli, izinkampani ze-cannabis zezokwelapha zisayine inhloso yokubamba leli thuba ngokwethula imikhiqizo emisha ehambelana nemakethe yaseFrance. Abangena ngaphakathi kwemboni babikezela ukuthi imakethe ye-cannabis yezokwelapha yaseFrance izokhula kancane kakhulu kunamaJalimane angomakhelwane, eneziguli ezilinganiselwa ku-10,000 ngonyaka wokuqala, kancane kancane zikhule phakathi kuka-300,000 no-500,000 ngo-2035.
Kwezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zibheke le makethe, ukhiye "inzuzo" yohlaka lwaseFrance olulawulwa yi-cannabis "luwela ngaphansi kohlaka olubanzi lwezemithi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi amafemu angaphandle agweme imikhawulo engqubuzanayo efana naleyo ebonakalayo e-UK, lapho amalayisense okungenisa khona angabekwa khona ngaphandle kokuzithethelela okucacile. Ukuphazanyiswa okunjalo kwezepolitiki mancane amathuba okuba eFrance, njengoba amalayisense okukhulunywa ngawo awacaciswanga nge-cannabis yezokwelapha.
Ngokombono wezomnotho, abanye abadlali sebevele bakhe ubudlelwano nezinkampani zaseFrance eziphethe amalayisense adingekayo ukukhiqiza nokucubungula insangu yezokwelapha.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, ithuba elisheshayo likhona kakhulu ekuhanjisweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe eFrance ngokupakisha kwasendaweni kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kunokuba kukhiqizwe okugcwele noma ukucubungula.
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: APR-01-2025