I-Federal Study Yembula I-Soil Chemistry Ithonya Ngokuphawulekayo I-Bioactive Compounds ku-Cannabis
Ucwaningo olusha oluxhaswe yi-federal lukhombisa ukuthi ama-bioactive compounds ezitshalweni ze-cannabis athintwa kakhulu ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali enhlabathini ezitshalwa kuwo.
Abacwaningi bashilo ephepheni lakamuva elishicilelwe kujenali yesayensi ebuyekezwe ngontanga *Journal of Medicinally Active Plants*: "Okutholwe kulolu cwaningo kunikeza abalimi bangaphandle ulwazi lokuthi impilo yomhlabathi iwuthinta kanjani okuqukethwe kwe-cannabinoid kanye ne-terpene ku-cannabis. Ikhwalithi yenhlabathi engeyinhle ibonakala ibangela okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-THC, kuyilapho izinga eliphezulu lomhlabathi lingaholela emazingeni akhulayo we-cannabinoid ye-CBG."
Lokhu okutholakele kuphakamisa ukuthi abalimi bangakwazi ukulungisa kahle amazinga e-cannabinoid hhayi kuphela ngofuzo kodwa nangemibandela yomhlabathi nokuphatha.
Lolu cwaningo beluholwa uMnyango Wezolimo wase-US (i-USDA) Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokudla Nezolimo futhi sixhaswe yiPenn State College of Medicine kanye nenkampani yezokwelapha enelayisensi yezokwelapha i-PA Options for Wellness.
Abacwaningi bebehlose ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobo zensangu, i-'Tangerine' kanye ne-'CBD Stem Cell', etshalwe ezinsimini zekhava (CC) kanye nezinkambu ezijwayelekile zokulima (CF), ngokulandelana. Ababhali bocwaningo babhale ukuthi: “Lolu cwaningo lugxile kakhulu ekulimeni kwezempilo kwenhlabathi, luzama ukuqhathanisa lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zensimu. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zensangu zitshalwe emasimini amabili ancikene: enye insimu evamile enomhlaba olinyiwe, kanti enye insimu yokungalimi.”
"Ngokuqhathanisa okukhishwe kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobo ze-cannabis ezitshalwe emhlabathini we-CC ne-CF, ucwaningo lwathola umehluko omkhulu ekugxilweni kwama-cannabinoids athile nama-terpenes."
Okuqukethwe kwe-cannabidiol (CBD) ku-cultivar 'yeTangerine' etshalwe enhlabathini evamile yayiphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunaleyo ye-'CBD Stem Cell' etshalwe emhlabathini wezitshalo ezimbozekile; kodwa-ke, okuphambene kwakuyiqiniso ku-cultivar 'ye-CBD Stem Cell' - okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-CBD kuphindwe kabili ensimini yezitshalo ezikhava. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emkhakheni wezitshalo ezikhavayo, okuqukethwe kwe-CBG ye-cannabinoid eyandulelayo kwakuphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3.7, kuyilapho inhlanganisela eyinhloko ye-psychoactive ku-cannabis, i-THC, yayiphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-6 ensimini egayiwe.
“Eqinisweni, impilo yenhlabathi akufanele igxile kuphela ezintweni ezingaphili zenhlabathi kodwa nasezicini zayo zezinto eziphilayo nekhono layo lokusekela ukuphila kwezitshalo.”
Ososayensi baphethe ngokuthi: "Umehluko omkhulu kokuqukethwe kwe-cannabinoid ubonwe phakathi kwezinhlobo zensimu nezimila, ikakhulukazi emazingeni e-cannabidiol (CBD)."
Ababhali baphawule ukuthi amazinga e-cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) ayephakeme ngokuphindwe kasithupha ku-cannabis etshalwe kusetshenziswa izindlela ezijwayelekile zokulima. Leli phepha lathi: “Esikhishweni se-CC sohlobo lwe-'Tangerine', okuqukethwe kwe-CBD kwakuphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.2 kune-CF ekhishwe ku-'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar; ku-CC ekhishwe ku-'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar, okuqukethwe kwe-cannabigerol (CBG) kwakuphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3.7; futhi ku-'cultivar CF, i-extract ye-'cultivar CF' Okuqukethwe kwe-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) bekuphakeme izikhathi eziyisi-6.”
Impilo yomhlabathi empeleni isho indawo yokukhula kwezitshalo. Izinto eziphilayo ezisemhlabathini zingathonya ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwama-cannabinoids nama-terpenes izitshalo eziwasebenzisela ukuzivikela, ukuxhumana nokuncintisana.
Umhlabathi ngokwawo uyisimiso semvelo esakhiwe ama-microorganisms, isikhunta, amaminerali, nezinto eziphilayo, ezihlinzeka ngemisoco futhi zixhumane nezimpande zezitshalo. Imikhuba efana nokutshala ikhabhoni kanye nokulima okungalimiyo kwaziwa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa le nethiwekhi yebhayoloji futhi ithuthukise ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokuhamba ngebhayisikili izakhi. Lolu cwaningo olusha lwengeza ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali esitshalo ohlwini lwezici okungenzeka zithonywe inhlabathi.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle komehluko wemvelo phakathi kwezitshalo ze-cannabis, amasimu wezitshalo ezimboza angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuhluka kokuqukethwe kwe-terpene. Le miphumela iphinde iphakamise ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi kofuzo lwezitshalo ze-cannabis kanye nomthelela wazo ekuthathweni kwezakhi zomhlabathi…
Ngasikhathi sinye, ababhali baxwayise ngokuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholwe “amazinga ama-enzyme anesibopho sokuguqula i-CBG ibe yi-CBD, i-THC, ne-CBC,” enganikeza izinkomba zokuthi kungani amazinga e-CBG ephakeme ezinsimini zezitshalo ezimboziwe.
Ababhali baphawule: "Lapho kudingidwa nge-biosynthesis yalezi zinhlanganisela, ucwaningo luchaza izandulela ezabiwe phakathi kwama-cannabinoids nama-terpenoids, kanye nobufakazi bokuhlukahluka kofuzo kuma-enzyme athile synthases ama-cannabinoids nama-terpenoids."
Leli phephandaba laphawula: “Lolu wucwaningo lokuqala ngomehluko ekubunjweni kwensangu yangaphandle ekhishwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi.”
Lo mkhuba uza njengoba ukunaka kugxila kakhulu emikhubeni engcono kakhulu yokutshala insangu. Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, umlimi we-hemp yezimboni uphakamise ukuthi ukwandisa uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-hemp lwaseNingizimu Dakota kuzoheha amabhizinisi amancane kakhulu okucubungula kanye nokukhiqiza kuhulumeni futhi kungathatha ngempumelelo i-greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emkhathini.
Njengamanje, ososayensi benza ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze bahlole izinhlanganisela eziphawulekayo ze-cannabis. Isibonelo, abacwaningi, ngokokuqala ngqá, benze ucwaningo olunzulu oluqondiswa izinzwa lwenhlanganisela enuka kamnandi ezimbalini ezomisiwe ze-cannabis, bathola inqwaba yamakhemikhali ayengaziwa ngaphambili akha iphunga eliyingqayizivele lesitshalo. Lokhu okutholakele okusha kukhulisa ukuqonda kwesayensi kwesitshalo se-cannabis ngaphezu kolwazi olujwayelekile lwe-terpenes, i-CBD, ne-THC.
Ngokwamaphepha amabili amhlophe asanda kushicilelwa, ucwaningo olulodwa lubonisa ukuthi indlela insangu ecutshungulwa ngayo ngemva kokuvuna - ikakhulukazi, ukuthi yomiswa kanjani ngaphambi kokupakishwa - ithinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, okuhlanganisa ukulondolozwa kwe-terpenes nama-trichomes.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2025