U-2024 unyaka omangalisayo embonini yomhlaba wonke ye-cannabis, efakaza inqubekelaphambili eyingqophamlando kanye nezithiyo ezikhathazayo ezimotweni nasezinqubweni.
Lona futhi unyaka obuswa kakhulu ukhetho, cishe uhhafu wabantu bomhlaba abafanele ukuvota okhethweni lukazwelonke emazweni angama-70.
Ngisho nasemazweni amaningi athuthuke kakhulu embonini ye-cannabis, lokhu kusho ushintsho olukhulu esimweni sezepolitiki futhi sekuholele ekutheni amazwe amaningi ancike ekuthatheni izinyathelo eziqinile noma ngisho nokuhlehliswa kwenqubomgomo.
Naphezu kokuncipha okukhulu kwesabelo samavoti seqembu elibusayo - njengoba angaphezu kuka-80% amaqembu ezombusazwe abhekene nokwehla kwesabelo samavoti kulo nyaka - sisenesizathu sokuba nethemba ngamathemba emboni yensangu ngonyaka ozayo.
Uyini umbono wemboni ye-cannabis yaseYurophu ngo-2025? Lalela incazelo yochwepheshe.
Ukubekwa kwezidakamizwa ze-cannabis ohlelweni lwezempilo lomhlaba jikelele
UStephen Murphy, oyi-CEO ye-Prohibition Partners, inkampani eyaziwa kakhulu ye-cannabis yaseYurophu, ukholelwa ukuthi imboni ye-cannabis izosheshisa intuthuko yayo ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezizayo.
Uthe, "Ngo-2025, imboni ye-cannabis izosheshisa ukuguqulwa kwayo okuzenzakalelayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nokuthatha izinqumo, ukusebenza, ukumaketha kanye nezezimali. Njengoba izinkampani eziningi ngokwengeziwe zithola ukuhamba kwemali okuhle, sizobona ukuvela kwabathengi abasha kanye nokuzimisela ukuthatha izingozi ezidingekayo ezingase ziguqule izinguquko ezibalulekile zenqubomgomo.
Ngonyaka ozayo futhi kuzoba yisikhathi esibucayi, lapho kuzogxilwa kuzo kuphela i-cannabis ngokwayo, kodwa ekuhlanganisweni okujulile nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ithuba elikhulu lokukhula lisekubekeni izidakamizwa ze-cannabis njengengxenye eyinhloko yohlelo lwezempilo lomhlaba wonke - isinyathelo esikholelwa ukuthi sizowuchaza kabusha umkhondo wemboni.
Umhlaziyi omkhulu kwaProhibition Partners uthe imboni ye-cannabis izoqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kodwa hhayi ngaphandle kwezinselelo. Izinqubo zokubusa ngokweqile kwamanye amazwe zizoqhubeka nokuphazamisa ukukhula kwezimakethe. Ukulinganisa ukutholakala, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, kanye nokulawulwa kubalulekile ekusunguleni uhlaka lwe-cannabis oluzinzile noluzuzisa umphakathi. Njengoba amazwe efunda kokuhlangenwe nakho komunye nomunye ngempumelelo nokwehluleka, imodeli yentuthuko yensangu yezokwelapha kanye nezimakethe zensangu yabantu abadala iyavela kancane kancane.
Kodwa-ke, kusenamandla amakhulu embonini yomhlaba wonke angakaze adalulwe, futhi uma kubhekwa inqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo yeminyaka embalwa edlule, kubonakala sengathi leli khono lizogcina lifezeke ngezindlela ezithile.
Izinguquko ezibalulekile zaseJalimane zizoqhubeka nokugqugquzela umfutho eYurophu.
Kulo nyaka, iGermany isivumele ukusetshenziswa kwensangu kubantu abadala. Izakhamizi zingasebenzisa insangu ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuthi zizomangalelwa, zibambe insangu ukuze ziyisebenzisele zona, futhi zitshale nensangu emakhaya ukuze ziyisebenzisele zona. U-2024 'ungunyaka oyingqopha-mlando' wenqubomgomo ye-cannabis yaseJalimane, futhi ukuchithwa kwawo okusabalele kumelela 'ushintsho lweqiniso lwe-paradigm' yezwe.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuphasiswa komthetho waseJalimane weCannabis Act (CanG) ngo-Ephreli kulo nyaka, amakilabhu omphakathi wensangu kanye nokutshalwa kwangasese nawo sekusemthethweni. Kule nyanga nje, umthetho ovumela amaphrojekthi okuhlola insangu esitayela saseSwitzerland nawo uphasisiwe.
Ngokubheka lezi nqubekelaphambili zenqubomgomo, iCannavigia ithe, "Nakuba ukuthengiswa kwezentengiselwano kusakhawulelwe, lezi zinguquko zigqamisa umfutho wokugunyazwa okubanzi eYurophu." I-Cannavigia ibambe iqhaza elibonakalayo kumaphrojekthi wokulinga insangu kwezokuzijabulisa eSwitzerland naseJalimane ukusiza ababambiqhaza baqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho.
Uma sibheka phambili, inkampani ikholelwa ukuthi ukunwetshwa kwephrojekthi yokuhlola insangu yokuzijabulisa yaseJalimane kuzohlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile ngokuziphatha kwabathengi nezinhlaka zokulawula, okuvula indlela yemizamo ebanzi yokwenza umthetho.
UPhilipp Hagenbach, umsunguli kanye noMphathi Omkhulu Wezokusebenza kweCannavigia, wanezela, “Amaphrojekthi ethu okulinga kulo lonke elaseYurophu asinikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ngokuziphatha kwabathengi nezidingo zokulawula. Lawa maphrojekthi ayizisekelo ezibalulekile zokuthola ukugunyazwa okubanzi nokuqashelwa kwemakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sidinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokulwa nemakethe engekho emthethweni kuze kube yilapho sithola indlela yokuhweba yokugcina yokusabalalisa insangu yokuzilibazisa.
Njengoba ukukhula kuqhubeka, kungase kube nokuhlanganiswa emakethe ye-cannabis yezokwelapha yaseJalimane
Mhlawumbe okunomthelela omkhulu kunemithetho yaseJalimane yokuphumula kwensangu yokuzijabulisa ukususwa kwensangu ohlwini lwezidakamizwa. Lokhu kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhula okumangalisayo kwemboni yensangu yezokwelapha yaseJalimane futhi kwaba nomthelela omkhulu ebhizinisini lensangu kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngisho nangaphesheya kwe-Atlantic.
Ku-Gr ü nhorn, ikhemisi enkulu kunazo zonke ye-cannabis yezokwelapha e-inthanethi eJalimane, ngo-2025 "unyaka wenguquko", okuphoqa ukuthi "ijwayelane ngokushesha nemithetho emisha".
UStefan Fritsch, oyi-CEO ye-Gr ü nhorn, uchaze, "Yize izinhlangano eziningi zokutshalwa kwe-cannabis ezihleliwe zishiye phakathi futhi ukuthengiswa okuhleliwe kwe-cannabis, insika yesibili yokugunyazwa ngokusemthethweni, kusabambezeleka, amakhemisi e-cannabis afana ne-Gr ü nhorn ashintshana nemiyalelo ye-cannabis yezokwelapha. ngodokotela noma ukubonisana okukude ukuphela kwesixazululo esisebenza ngokugcwele kuze kube manje
Le nkampani iphinde yagcizelela izinguquko ohlelweni lwe-cannabis lwezokwelapha lwaseJalimane, okwenza kube lula inqubo yeziguli ezibuyisela imishanguzo kadokotela ngomshuwalense wezokwelapha futhi kwandisa kakhulu isibalo sodokotela abangathola amalungelo okunikezwa kwe-cannabis.
Lezi zinguquko ziye zathuthukisa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli okuphelele, okwenza abantu bakwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha ezindleleni zokwelapha ubuhlungu obungapheli, i-endometriosis, ukuqwasha, nezinye izifo. Ukwehliswa kwecala kanye nokucwaswa kokwelashwa kwensangu kusho nokuthi iziguli azisazizwa sengathi zenza imisebenzi engekho emthethweni, ngaleyo ndlela kugqugquzelwa indawo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ephephile nebandakanya wonke umuntu, ”kungeza uFritsch.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, ubuye waxwayisa ngokuthi uhulumeni omusha ngeke akwazi ukuvuselela inqubomgomo yokuvinjelwa kwensangu ehlulekile ngemuva kokuthatha izintambo, njengoba uhulumeni omusha kungenzeka uholwa yiqembu lezepolitiki elihlongoza ukudiliza ukuguqulwa kwensangu.
Ummeli wensangu uNielman uyavumelana nalokhu, ethi imakethe yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ingase ikhule ngokuqhuma ngemva kokuchithwa kwemithetho yezidakamizwa, kodwa ukuhlanganiswa kuyadingeka kamuva. Ebudlelwaneni obushubile phakathi kwezimfuneko zokumaketha kanye nezomthetho, kubalulekile ukuthi imboni isebenze ngendlela esemthethweni nethobelanayo ngokwekhwalithi, izidingo zezokwelapha, nokukhangisa.
Isidingo se-cannabis yezokwelapha eYurophu siyaqhubeka sikhula
Isidingo sensangu yezokwelapha emazweni aseYurophu senyuke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwezinguquko zenqubomgomo yokulawula eJalimane.
UNgqongqoshe Wezempilo wase-Ukraine u-Viktor Lyashko uvakashele eJalimane kulo nyaka ukuze alungiselele ukugunyazwa kwensangu yezokwelapha ezweni. Iqoqo lokuqala lezidakamizwa zensangu kulindeleke ukuthi lethulwe ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo.
Ngokusho kukaHannah Hlushchenko, umsunguli we-Ukraine Cannabis Consulting Group, umkhiqizo wokuqala we-cannabis wezokwelapha ubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni e-Ukraine kule nyanga. Umkhiqizo ukhiqizwa yiCuraleaf, inkampani egadwe yileli qembu. Ngithemba ukuthi iziguli zase-Ukraine zingathola ngokushesha insangu yezokwelapha. Ngonyaka ozayo, imakethe ingase ivuleke ngempela, futhi sizolinda futhi sibone.
Yize iFrance neSpain kubukeka sengathi azimile ekwamukeleni izinhlaka ezibanzi zokulawula, iDenmark ilufake ngempumelelo uhlelo lwayo lokuhlola insangu yezokwelapha emthethweni waphakade.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2025, abanye odokotela abajwayelekile abangama-5000 eCzech Republic bazovunyelwa ukuthi banikeze insangu yezokwelapha, okulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukise kakhulu amathuba okunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi iqhubekisele phambili ukwanda kwenani leziguli.
Inkampani yaseCannaviga ithe izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe nazo zibonise intshisekelo emakethe yaseThailand futhi zandisa umkhiqizo ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo. Njengoba izinkampani zaseThailand ziya ngokuya zifuna ukuthumela imikhiqizo yazo eYurophu, uSebastian Sonntagbauer, Inhloko Yempumelelo Yekhasimende eCannavigia, ugcizelele ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yaseThailand ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zaseYurophu.
I-UK izogxila ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi nokwakha ukwethenjwa kwesiguli
Imakethe ye-cannabis e-UK iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngo-2024, futhi abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi imakethe isifinyelele 'ezimpambanweni ezibucayi' mayelana nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuhambisana.
Umqondisi Wezokuxhumana e-Dalgety u-Matt Clifton uxwayise ngokuthi izinkinga zokungcola okufana nesikhunta ziqhutshwa ngokwezinga elithile isidingo semikhiqizo engafakwa imisebe futhi “zingenza buthakathaka ukuthembela kweziguli emakethe”. Lokhu kushintshela ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi akuphathelene nokunakekelwa kwesiguli kuphela, kodwa futhi kumayelana nokwakha kabusha isithunzi nokwethenjwa kwemboni.
Nakuba ingcindezi yamanani ingase ihehe abathengi besikhathi esifushane, le ndlela ayinakusimama futhi inengozi yokulimaza isithunzi semboni. Ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezinezindinganiso eziphakeme, njengalezo eziphethe isitifiketi se-GMP, zizothola isabelo semakethe esikhulayo, njengoba iziguli eziqaphelayo zizozwela kuphela ekuphepheni nasekungaguquguquki kunokuba zibe namandla okuthenga.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-UK Drug and Health Products Regulatory Authority ithathe isinyathelo kulo nyaka sokuvala ukusetshenziswa kwamagama anzima emikhiqizweni yezokwelapha iFried Dough Twists, uClifton uphinde wabikezela ukuthi iziphathimandla ezilawulayo zizoqinisa ukugadwa kwemboni ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezizayo futhi zizodinga abathenga kwamanye amazwe. ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwezinga eliphezulu emikhiqizweni engena e-UK.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, u-Adam Wendish weBritish Cannabis Medical Company ugcizelele ukuthi incwadi kadokotela egunyazwe yiBritish Drug and Health Products Regulatory Authority kulo nyaka “izonciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokulinda seziguli, yenze inqubo ibe lula, futhi ikhuthaze abantu abaningi baseBrithani ukuthi cabanga ukusebenzisa insangu yezokwelapha njengendlela yokwelapha. Ukubambisana phakathi kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, iziguli nabahlinzeki benkonzo yezokwelapha yikho okubaluleke kakhulu.”
Izitayela zomkhiqizo osafufusa: ukukhishwa kwe-cannabis, imikhiqizo edliwayo, nemithi yomuntu siqu
Njengoba imakethe ivuthwa, isigaba semikhiqizo ye-cannabis yezokwelapha singakhula kancane kancane, okubandakanya ukwanda kwesidingo semikhiqizo edliwayo kanye nezinto ezikhishwe, kanye nokwehla kwesidingo sezimbali ezomisiwe.
I-UK yethule amaphilisi omlomo nogwayi we-elekthronikhi, kodwa i-Fried Dough Twists isewuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwemikhiqizo kadokotela. Inkampani yaseBrithani yezokwelapha i-cannabis i-Windish inethemba lokubona odokotela abaningi abanquma uwoyela we-cannabis kanye nezikhishwe, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezingazange zisebenzise insangu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi "ukwelashwa okuhlangene okusebenzayo nokulinganiselayo" kuyanikezwa.
Kwezinye izimakethe zaseYurophu, inkampani yaseJalimane ye-cannabis yezokwelapha i-Demecan ibonise imikhiqizo yayo ye-cannabis edliwayo ku-ExpoPharm ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngenkathi e-Luxembourg, iziphathimandla ezilawulayo zihlela ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kwezimbali ezomisiwe ezine-THC ephezulu ukuze zisuse kancane kancane imikhiqizo yezimbali futhi zithathe indawo. nabo ngamafutha ensangu.
Onyakeni ozayo, sizobona izidakamizwa zensangu ziba ngezomuntu siqu. Izinkampani zensangu yezokwelapha zilungiselela ukwethula okugxilwa ngokwezifiso okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe nezinye izinketho zamafomu omthengi, njengokugxila okuthile kwe-cannabis.
Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo luzohlola umthelela wensangu yezokwelapha ekuxilongeni okuthile, imiphumela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside, ukonga izindleko zezokwelapha, kanye nomehluko wezindlela zokuphatha ezifana nezikhishiwe namaphilisi. Abacwaningi baphinde bagcizelela izinzuzo zeziqukathi zengilazi ngaphezu kweziqukathi zepulasitiki lapho kugcinwe khona izinto ze-cannabis.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza emisha
Ngo-2025, njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo zikhula kancane kancane, imboni izodinga nezinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza.
U-Rebecca Allen Tapp, umphathi womkhiqizo kwa-Paralab Green, umphakeli wemishini yokutshala, uthole ukuthi izinkampani eziningi kakhulu zisebenzisa izixazululo ezizenzakalelayo nezangaphakathi “ezinokuguquguquka okukhulu futhi zenza abakhiqizi benze izinqubo zibe lula”.
URebecca uthe, “Ukutshala imali ezintweni eziguquguqukayo, njengama-spectrometer aseduze ne-infrared ukuze kuqashwe umsoco kanye nezinhlelo ze-qPCR zokutholwa kwamagciwane kusenesikhathi, kungadlulisela amabhizinisi amaningi abekade ekhishwe ngaphambilini ezinkampanini zangaphakathi ukusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi avumelane nezimfuno zemakethe ezikhulayo nezihlukahlukene.
Njengamanje, ngokuvela kwemakethe ye-niche eyingqayizivele "yenqwaba encane, insangu ehlanzekile eyenziwe ngezandla" emakethe ye-cannabis, kunesidingo esikhulayo sochungechunge olwenziwe ngokwezifiso "lwemishini yokukhiqiza i-batch encane enembile futhi engaguquki" eyenzelwe yona.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-07-2025